Recent Advances in the Theory and Application of Nanofiltration: a Review

Water is the material basis for living organisms and one of primary resources to maintain sustainable development earth’s ecological environment. As a water purification method, nanofiltration (NF) separation technology has been widely considered by researchers in recent years. However, most studies on NF literature focus membrane modification, there are only few reviews available. In this paper, latest research progress reviewed, processes preparation using phase inversion, layer layer, interfacial polymerization described. Polymer materials used reviewed main types nanofillers generate thin film nanocomposite membranes, including metal organic frameworks, boron nitride, Ti3C2TX, graphene oxide, SiO2, iron oxide discussed. Membrane fouling inevitable during operation paper analyzes mechanisms summarizes key pretreatment cleaning methods required remediate long-term effects cake formation. The steric hindrance effect, Donnan dielectric exclusion analyzed, some common characterization summarized. practical applications briefly introduced groundwater, pharmaceutical wastewater, textile wastewater treatment. Finally, shortcomings prospects existing put forward.